Yakovlev Yak-18

Soviet military training aircraft introduced in 1946

Yakolev Yak-18A ’15 white’ (F-AZSG) © Alan Wilson

Overview

Yakovlev Russia ICAO: YK18 1946–1956

The Yakovlev Yak-18 is a tandem military primary trainer aircraft built by the Yakovlev design bureau in the Soviet Union. It was initially fitted with a single Shvetsov M-11FR-1 radial piston engine rated at 160 horsepower. The aircraft entered in service in 1946 and was produced as the Nanchang CJ-5 in China.

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Specifications

Units
Engine
1 × Ivchenko AI-14RF
Engine type
Piston
Power
300 hp · 224 kW
Avionics
—
Wing tips
No winglets
Seats
2
Crew
—
Cabin width
—
Cabin height
—
Cabin length
—
Exterior length
27 ft 3 in  ·  8.30 m
Tail height
11 ft 0 in  ·  3.35 m
Fuselage diameter
2 ft 11 in  ·  0.90 m
Wing span
34 ft 9 in  ·  10.60 m
Baggage volume
—
Gross weight
—
Empty weight
—
Max takeoff weight
2,900 lb  ·  1,300 kg
Max landing weight
2,900 lb  ·  1,300 kg
Max payload
400 lb  ·  200 kg
Fuel capacity
80 gal · 300 L · 200 kg (AvGas)
Max cruise speed
160 kt  ·  184 mph  ·  296 km/h
Maximum speed
—
Cruise speed
—
Approach speed
—
Range
380 nm  ·  440 mi  ·  700 km
Fuel burn
—
Ceiling
19,700 ft  ·  6,000 m
Rate of climb
1,000 ft/min  ·  5 m/s
Takeoff distance
1,150 ft  ·  350 m
Landing distance
1,310 ft  ·  400 m
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Yakovlev Yak-18A

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Operational Context

The initial production version of the aircraft designated as Yak-18 was fitted with retractable main landing gear and fixed tailwheel. It is powered by a Shvetsov M-11 five-cylinder radial engine rated at 160 horsepower thrust. The Yak-18 featured a pneumatic system and served as a trainer aircraft and took its first flight in 1946. It was produced until 1956.

The Yak-18 became popular as a night bomber in service with the North Korean Air Force throughout the Korean War. In 1951, it also gained popularity for its international speed record. Afterward, the need for tailwheel type landing gear trainer aircraft lessened that led to the manufacturing company to re-design the aircraft with newly fitted retractable tricycle undercarriage and a more powerful engine. The new version was designated as Yak-18A.

The Yak-18A has an exterior length of 8.3 meters and an exterior height of 2.5 meters. It has a tail height of 3.35 meters and a fuselage width of 0.9 meters. The retractable tricycle landing gear has a wheelbase of 2.3 meters. It has a wingspan of 10.6 meters and a wing area of 17.8 square meters.

The aircraft is powered by a single Ivchenko AI-14RF nine-cylinder, air-cooled radial engine which produces a maximum thrust of 300 horsepower and drives a two-bladed variable-pitch propeller. It has a maximum speed of 160 knots and a travel range of 380 nautical miles.

The Yak-18A can fly up to 19700 feet and can climb at a rate of 1000 feet per minute. It has a takeoff distance of 350 meters and a landing distance of 400 meters. The empty weight is 1,025 kg and the maximum takeoff and landing weight is 1,320 kg.

The aircraft has a maximum payload of 180 kg and a fuel tank capacity of 75 US gallons.

A total of around forty original Yak-18s exist around the world. Five of them are in the United States, three in Europe, and one in China- all of these are still operational.