Douglas DC-4

Produced from 1942 to 1947 and retired in 1991

Overview

Douglas United States ICAO: DC4 1942–1947 Active

The Douglas DC-4 was designed and produced by the Douglas Aircraft Company after the DC-3. Unlike its predecessor, it was a four-engine aircraft with tricycle undercarriage introduced in 1942 with United Airlines.

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Specifications

Units
Engine
4 × Pratt & Whitney R-2000-2SD13-G Twin Wasp
Engine type
Piston
Power
4 × 1,450 hp · 1,081 kW
Avionics
—
Wing tips
No winglets
Seats
80
Crew
—
Cabin width
9 ft 10 in  ·  3.00 m
Cabin height
—
Cabin length
49 ft 10 in  ·  15.20 m
Exterior length
93 ft 10 in  ·  28.60 m
Tail height
27 ft 7 in  ·  8.40 m
Fuselage diameter
10 ft 6 in  ·  3.20 m
Wing span
117 ft 5 in  ·  35.80 m
Baggage volume
—
Gross weight
—
Empty weight
—
Max takeoff weight
73,000 lb  ·  33,100 kg
Max landing weight
63,500 lb  ·  28,800 kg
Max payload
22,000 lb  ·  10,000 kg
Fuel capacity
2,850 gal · 10,900 L · 7,800 kg (AvGas)
Max cruise speed
240 kt  ·  276 mph  ·  444 km/h
Maximum speed
—
Cruise speed
—
Approach speed
—
Range
2,900 nm  ·  3,340 mi  ·  5,370 km
Fuel burn
—
Ceiling
22,300 ft  ·  6,800 m
Rate of climb
1,200 ft/min  ·  6 m/s
Takeoff distance
—
Landing distance
—
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Western Airlines – Douglas DC-4

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Operational Context

In 1935, the Douglas Aircraft Company developed the descendant of Douglas DC-3 as a response to a requirement from United Airlines. The new airliner was designated as Douglas DC-4 with twice the capacity of its antecedent and powered by four radial piston engines. On June 9, 1983, the prototype conducted its maiden flight. It was mostly built out of aluminum alloy with a length of 29.74 meters and the low wing had a wingspan of 42.14 meters.

From May 1942 to August 1947, a total of 1,245 were built; that included seventy-nine postwar aircraft built from January 1946 to August 9, 1947. The last aircraft was delivered to South African Airways. During the 1950s, Transocean Airlines in California was the largest civilian operator of the type. The DC-4s and C-54s were extensively used in the Berlin Airlift between June 1948 to September 1949 where 330 of this type were used to carry supplies to the people.

Other operators of the DC-4s in the United States were Pan American Airways, Northwest Airlines, National Airlines, and Western Airlines. The DC-4 had also proven its popularity among other airlines outside the United States.

The aircraft were purchased by different countries such as Spain, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Cuba, Colombia, Argentina, Venezuela, and South Africa. Two DC-4s are still employed by SkyClass Aviation as of June 2020. They are used for charter operations, possessed by the South African Airways Museum Society.

The DC-4 was powered by four Pratt and Whitney R-2000 Twin Wasp engines. It is a twin-row radial 14-cylinder engine with an air-cooling system and a Stromberg carburetor fuel system. Each engine produced a maximum takeoff thrust of 1,450 horsepower and 1,100 horsepower at 14,000 feet. It drives a 3-bladed Hamilton-Standard Hydromatic constant-speed propellers.

The aircraft has a maximum takeoff weight of 33,112 kg and a maximum landing weight of 28,803 kg. The maximum speed at 14,000 feet is 240 knots while the cruise speed at 10,000 feet is 197 knots.